
A column system combining vertical load bearing with staged energy dissipation. It uses rocking columns, mild-steel dampers, and rotational friction dampers to reduce concentrated plastic damage at column ends.
During earthquakes, conventional column ends can suffer plastic damage from large moments, making post-earthquake repair difficult. FDC reduces concentrated end moments while improving energy dissipation.


The friction damper can dissipate energy under small earthquakes, while the mild-steel damper provides additional dissipation under stronger events. The rocking column continues to transfer vertical and horizontal loads.
A column system combining vertical load bearing with staged energy dissipation. It uses rocking columns, mild-steel dampers, and rotational friction dampers to reduce concentrated plastic damage at column ends.

